What type of drug is Ambien classified as?

Ambien, which is the brand name for zolpidem, is classified as a sedative. It belongs to a category of medications known as hypnotics, which are specifically designed to induce sleep. Sedatives like Ambien work by enhancing the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter in the brain that promotes relaxation and sleepiness. This is particularly useful in treating insomnia, as it helps patients fall asleep more quickly and may improve sleep quality.

In contrast, narcotics are typically used to alleviate pain and are not involved in the processes associated with inducing sleep. Analgesics are medications that specifically relieve pain, while antidepressants are used to treat mood disorders and are not primarily focused on sleep induction. Therefore, the classification of Ambien as a sedative highlights its primary function in promoting sleep, distinguishing it from other drug types which serve different therapeutic purposes.