What does ecchymosis refer to?

Ecchymosis refers to a discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically caused by trauma or injury. It is commonly recognized as a bruise, where blood vessels have ruptured and allowed blood to leak into the surrounding tissue. The appearance of ecchymosis can vary in color as it heals, starting with a dark blue or purple and progressing to yellow or green as the body metabolizes the clotted blood. This term specifically denotes the condition of skin bruising and does not relate to pain, swelling, or scarring, which are distinct medical terms describing different physical states or symptoms.