What condition is suggested by neck stiffness and nuchal rigidity?

Neck stiffness and nuchal rigidity are classic signs that suggest the presence of meningitis, which is an inflammation of the protective membranes (meninges) surrounding the brain and spinal cord. In the context of meningitis, these symptoms occur due to irritation of the meninges, often caused by infection, whether viral or bacterial.

Patients with meningitis typically exhibit a combination of symptoms, including fever, headache, and altered mental status, alongside neck stiffness. Nuchal rigidity is particularly indicative of meningeal irritation, as it leads to difficulty flexing the neck due to discomfort or pain. When assessing a patient with these findings, it is crucial to consider the possibility of meningitis, as it can progress rapidly and requires prompt medical intervention.

Other conditions listed, such as cerebrovascular accident (CVA), pyelonephritis, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), do not present with neck stiffness and nuchal rigidity as primary symptoms. While they may involve different clinical signs and symptoms, they are not associated with the distinctive meningeal signs associated with meningitis. Therefore, the clinical presentation of neck stiffness and nuchal rigidity is most consistent with meningitis, making it the correct answer in this scenario.